Coffea arabica, otherwise known as the coffee plant, is a stunning and unique plant that hails from the depths of the Ethiopian Highlands and is known to produce some of the highest-quality coffee beans in the world. When left to grow naturally in its preferred environment, it creates a beautiful evergreen shrub and is one of the most ancient, caffeine-rich plants found in tropical climates.
Its alternate or spiral leaves are a deep vibrant green and have a delicate, translucent texture that catches the soft morning dew glistening in the sun’s light. Coffea arabica is a rare species, best suited for a host of Mediterranean and subtropical locations, provided its vital requirements are met it can be kept indoors anywhere else.
Tips for nurturing your Coffee plant
Light
This plant loves sunshine and will flourish in a bright, south- or west-facing garden or balcony. For optimal development, especially in colder seasons, some shelter from the wind is beneficial.
Temperature
Coffea arabica requires temperatures between 15°C and 25°C (59 – 77 °F) and protection from frost.
Soil Type & Drainage
Well-drained and fertile soil is essential for your Coffea arabica and should include a combination of sand and loam with a PH level of 5.5 – 6.5.
Important: sudden dryness can damage the roots of your plant, so carefully monitor and maintain optimal moisture levels.
Humidity
Humidity levels should be kept between 50 – 70% and are vital for healthy growth.
Watering
To ensure the maximum yield of coffee beans, the Coffea arabica will require regular watering. Allow the soil to reach an even level of moistness throughout and avoid letting it dry out.
Toxicity
Caffeine can present health hazards for humans and other animals if ingested, so take caution with children and pets who may be tempted to eat the berries.
Fertilizer
Fertilizing with a balanced, low-nitrogen fertilizer every four to six weeks will provide plenty of nutrients for the optimal development of your Coffea arabica. Troubleshooting pests, diseases and common problems: Take measures to block sunlight, air circulation and water supply if soil pests become a problem and look out for pests including mealy bugs, scales and spider mites.
The key to healthy growth of your Coffea arabica is to monitor leaves and branches carefully and address any issues as soon as you spot them.
Propagation
The easiest way to propagate your Coffea arabica is using leaf cuttings. Place a single leaf in a pot of planting medium and water regularly.
Final Thoughts
Coffea arabica is a beautiful and majestic plant that adds a sense of exotic sophistication to its environment. Its coffee beans are of high quality and demand a certain level of care and attention.
If you have the space, patience, and are willing to commit to this beautiful plant, it could reward you with its delicious coffee beans, vibrantly green foliage, and fascinatingly well-kept secrets.
